Trademarks

Trademark is a sign protected under national and/or international law, serving to distinguish goods and services of certain legal entities or individuals from goods and services of the same kind of other legal entities or individuals. Trademarks are used on goods, on packaging, in signboards, advertising, printed matter or other business documentation, in the provision of services and so forth.

Copyright is a moral and economic rights of the author. Copyright gives its author or with the author’s permission the exclusive right to make copies of original work, usually for a limited time. Objects of copyright are works of science, literature, and art. Related rights are property rights, which deal with productions, performances, phonograms, broadcasts and so forth. Please note that copyright does not apply to ideas, concepts, principles, methods, systems, processes, discoveries, and facts as such.

Industrial Property takes a range of forms such as inventions, utility models and industrial design and so forth. An invention shall be granted legal protection if it is new, involves an inventive step and capable of being industrially applicable. An utility model include the technical solutions in any field related to the product, method, as well as the application of known product or process for a new purpose, or the use of a new product for a particular purpose, except for diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical methods for treatment of humans or animals. The industrial design shall include an artistic design solution of product of industrial or cottage industry, determining the product appearance. An industrial design shall be granted legal protection if it is new, original.

A trade secret or know-how is understood as information that has actual or potential commercial value due to its availability to a limited number of persons. Its owner takes reasonable measures to protect its confidentiality. Know-how falls under the intellectual property rights and may be sold or licensed. Carriers of information constituting a commercial secret are material objects, including physical fields, in which information constituting a trade secret is displayed in the form of symbols, samples, signals, technical solutions and processes.

Personal data means any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person. An identifiable natural person is one who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person.

A blockchain is understood as an information and communication technology that ensures the immutability of information in a distributed data platform based on a chain of interconnected data blocks, specified algorithms for confirming the integrity and encryption tools. A digital asset is understood as property created in electronic digital form using cryptography and computer calculations, which is not a financial instrument, as well as an electronic digital form of certification of property rights.